The Future of Electric Vehicle’s Power
Let’s Check the Types of Electric Batteries Before Buying an EVs Car
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"Electric Car Batteries," which are essentially the powerhouses that supply electricity to the driving system, allowing electric vehicles to operate smoothly and continuously, have a total of 7 types, each with different characteristics developed and used in real EVs as follows:
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- Lead Acid Battery: It is a battery that has been used since the era of Internal Combustion Engines (ICE). In the era of Electric Vehicle (EV) It still serves only to supply electric current to start the drive motor. Therefore, it is commonly used as a backup battery in electric cars because of cheap, safe, and supply for the high electricity.
- Nickel-metal Hydride Battery (Ni-MH): Mostly found in Hybrid cars due to, they have a longer-lifetime and more resistant to weather changes than lithium (Li-Ion) batteries.
- Nickel-Cadmium Battery (Ni-Cd): Popular in electric vehicles during the 90th century. Ni-Cd able to be recharged and reused. Moreover, the battery could store a lot of electricity. The charging cycle was approximately 500 - 1,000 times. Nowadays, Ni-Cd is a prohibited battery, due to the toxic of Cadmium during the production process.
- Lithium-Ion Battery (Li-ion): In the present, the most popular uses Li-ion in the industry of Electric Vehicle and Electronic devices. The advantages are high energy density, long lifetime, fast charging capability, consistent power supply, reused, and environmentally friendly.
- Supercapacitors: It is a semi-battery electric capacitor. The strengths is high efficiency in storing electricity, durability, and long service life. They charge up to 1,000 times faster than normal batteries, but their production is complicated and expensive.
- Solid-State Battery: It is a solid battery. High consistency. It provides better capacity and efficiency than the others. But it has not yet been used in EV cars because the substance inside Solid State battery cells is solid. When it actually used in EV cars on the road, they may be easily damaged, cracked, or broken from all car accidence.
- Sodium Ion Battery (Na-Ion Battery): Also known as “Salt battery”. The advantages are lower production cost than lithium-ion batteries, only 20-minutes for fast charging, resistant to hot and cold temperature conditions. But it also serves for the less-energy then, it needs to be developed for using in the future.
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Battery technology is a key factor in determining the price of electric vehicle (EV) including the energy unit and weight. All is affecting the driving distance per charging cycle. Currently, Lithium-Ion batteries are still very popular in the EV industry. However, about environmental concerns to be Net Zero, many sectors focus on improving and developing Energy Storage or Battery Technology for a sustainable future.
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